Paipu kila wili paʻa

Wehewehe Pōkole:

Ua hana ʻia kā mākou paipu kila wili paʻa e kū i nā pilikia o ka lawe ʻana i ka wai ʻino a me ka wai ʻino. ʻO kona kūkulu paʻa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka ikaika a me ke ola lōʻihi, e lilo ia i koho kūpono no nā papahana ʻoihana e koi ana i ka hilinaʻi a me ka pono.

E leka uila mai iā mākou

Nā kikoʻī huahana

Nā Lepili Huahana

Anawaena Waho Inoa		Mānoanoa o ka paia inoa (mm)
mm	In	6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0	14.0	15.0	16.0	18.0	20.0	22.0
mm	In	Kaumaha no kēlā me kēia anakahi lōʻihi （kg/m）
219.1	8-5/8	31.53	36.61	41.65
273.1	10-3/4	39.52	45.94	52.30
323.9	12-3/4	47.04	54.71	62.32	69.89	77.41
（325）		47.20	54.90	62.54	70.14	77.68
355.6	14	51.73	60.18	68.58	76.93	85.23
（377.0）		54.89	63.87	72.80	81.67	90.50
406.4	16	59.25	68.95	78.60	88.20	97.76	107.26	116.72
（426.0）		62.14	72.33	82.46	92.55	102.59	112.58	122.51
457	18	66.73	77.68	88.58	99.44	110.24	120.99	131.69
（478.0）		69.84	81.30	92.72	104.09	115.41	126.69	137.90
508.0	20	74.28	86.49	98.65	110.75	122.81	134.82	146.79	158.69	170.56
（529.0）		77.38	90.11	102.78	115.40	127.99	140.52	152.99	165.43	177.80
559.0	22	81.82	95.29	108.70	122.07	135.38	148.65	161.88	175.04	188.17
610.0	24	89.37	104.10	118.77	133.39	147.97	162.48	176.97	191.40	205.78
（630.0）		92.33	107.54	122.71	137.83	152.90	167.92	182.89	197.81	212.68
660.0	26	96.77	112.73	128.63	144.48	160.30	176.05	191.77	207.43	223.04
711.0	28	104.32	121.53	138.70	155.81	172.88	189.89	206.86	223.78	240.65	257.47	274.24
（720.0）		105.65	123.09	140.47	157.81	175.10	192.34	209.52	226.66	243.75	260.80	277.79
762.0	30	111.86	130.34	148.76	167.13	185.45	203.73	211.95	240.13	258.26	276.33	294.36
813.0	32	119.41	139.14	158.82	178.45	198.03	217.56	237.05	256.48	275.86	295.20	314.48
（820.0）		120.45	140.35	160.20	180.00	199.76	219.46	239.12	258.72	278.28	297.79	317.25
864.0	34		147.94	168.88	189.77	210.61	231.40	252.14	272.83	293.47	314.06	334.61
914.0	36			178.75	200.87	222.94	244.96	266.94	288.86	310.73	332.56	354.34
（920.0）				179.93	202.20	224.42	246.59	286.70	290.78	312.79	334.78	356.68
965.0	38			188.81	212.19	235.52	258.80	282.03	305.21	328.34	351.43	374.46
1016.0	40			198.87	223.51	248.09	272.63	297.12	321.56	345.95	370.29	394.58	443.02
（1020.0）				199.66	224.39	249.08	273.72	298.31	322.84	347.33	371.77	396.16	444.77
1067.0	42			208.93	234.83	260.67	286.47	312.21	337.91	363.56	389.16	414.71	465.66
118.0	44			218.99	246.15	273.25	300.30	327.31	354.26	381.17	408.02	343.83	488.30
1168.0	46			228.86	257.24	285.58	313.87	342.10	370.29	398.43	426.52	454.56	510.49
1219.0	48			238.92	268.56	298.16	327.70	357.20	386.64	416.04	445.39	474.68	553.13
（1220.0）				239.12	268.78	198.40	327.97	357.49	386.96	146.38	445.76	475.08	533.58
1321.0	52				291.20	323.31	327.97	387.38	449.34	451.26	483.12	514.93	578.41
（1420.0）						347.72	355.37	416.66	451.08	485.41	519.74	553.96	622.32	690.52
1422.0	56					348.22	382.23	417.27	451.72	486.13	520.48	554.97	623.25	691.51	759.58
1524.0	60					373.38	410.44	447.46	484.43	521.34	558.21	595.03	688.52	741.82	814.91
（1620.0）						397.03	436.48	457.84	515.20	554.46	593.73	623.87	711.11	789.12	867.00
1626.0	64					398.53	438.11	477.64	517.13	556.56	595.95	635.28	713.80	792.13	870.26
1727.0	68					423.44	465.51	507.53	549.51	591.43	633.31	675.13	758.64	841.94	925.05
（1820.0）						446.37	492.74	535.06	579.32	623.50	667.71	711.79	799.92	887.81	975.51
1829.0	72						493.18			626.65	671.04	714.20	803.92	890.77	980.39
1930.0	76									661.52	708.40	755.23	848.75	942.07	1035.19
（2020.0）										692.60	741.69	790.75	888.70	986.41	1084.02
2032.0	80									696.74	746.13	795.48	894.03	992.38	1090.53
（2220.0）										761.65	815.68	869.66	977.50	1085.80	1192.53
（2420.0）												948.58	1066.26	1183.75	1301.04
（2540.0）	100											995.93	1119.53	1242.94	1366.15
（2845.0）	112											1116.28	1254.93	1393.37	1531.63

ʻO kā mākou paʻapaipu kila wili i hoʻopaʻa ʻiaua hana ʻia e kū i nā pilikia o ka lawe ʻana i ka wai ʻino a me ka wai ʻino. ʻO kona kūkulu paʻa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka ikaika a me ke ola lōʻihi, e lilo ia i koho kūpono no nā papahana ʻoihana e koi ana i ka hilinaʻi a me ka pono. ʻO ka ʻenehana wiliwili a mākou e hoʻohana ai i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana e hoʻonui i ka pono o ka paipu, e ʻae ana iā ia e kū i nā kūlana kaomi kiʻekiʻe a kūʻē i ka palaho lōʻihi.

I kēia au kahi e koʻikoʻi ai nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomau a kūpono hoʻi, he hopena hilinaʻi kā mākou mau paipu no nā kaona a me nā ʻoihana kūkulu hale. ʻAʻole wale lākou e kōkua i ka lawe pono ʻana i ka wai ʻino a me ka wai ʻino, akā kōkua pū lākou i ke olakino holoʻokoʻa a me ka palekana o ke kaiāulu ma ka hōʻoia ʻana ua mālama pono ʻia ka ʻōpala.

Ka pōmaikaʻi o ka huahana

ʻO kekahi o nā pono nui o ka paipu kila i hoʻopili ʻia me ka wili ʻo ia kona ikaika. Hoʻonui ke kaʻina hana wili i ka pono o ke kūkulu ʻana o ka paipu, e ʻae ana iā ia e kū i nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe a kūʻē i ka deformation. ʻO kēia ka mea e kūpono loa ai lākou no nā noi ma lalo o ka honua, kahi e hiki ai i ka neʻe ʻana o ka lepo a me nā ukana o waho ke hōʻike i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

ʻO ko lākou kūpaʻa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i kahi ola lawelawe lōʻihi, e hōʻemi ana i ka pono no ka hoʻololi pinepine a me ka mālama ʻana, he mea nui ia e mālama ai i ke kālā no nā kaona a me nā ʻoihana kūkulu hale.

Ka hemahema o ka huahana

ʻO ke kaʻina hana nopaipu wili i hoʻopaʻa ʻiahiki ke ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a me ka hoʻopau manawa ma mua o nā ʻano paipu ʻē aʻe, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ke kumukūʻai mua.

ʻOiai ke kūpaʻa nei kēia mau paipu i ka pala, ʻaʻole lākou i pale loa i ka pala, ʻoiai ma nā wahi pala. He mea nui ka uhi pono ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana e hoʻolōʻihi i ko lākou ola lawelawe a hōʻoia i ka hana maikaʻi loa.

Noi

I ke ao o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana, he kakaikahi nā mea i like ka nui me ka paipu kila wili paʻa. ʻOi aku kēia mau paipu ma mua o kahi huahana wale nō; ʻo lākou ke kumu o ka ʻōnaehana halihali wai ʻino a me ka wai ʻino. ʻO ko lākou kūkulu paʻa a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe e kūpono ai lākou no nā kūlana koi o nā ʻōnaehana wai ʻino.

Ua hoʻolālā ʻia nā paipu kila wiliwili e kū i nā kaomi koʻikoʻi o ke kaiapuni, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana hiki iā lākou ke lawelawe i nā kahe wai ʻino me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ke kūpaʻa o ke kūkulu ʻana. ʻO kēia ka mea e lilo ai lākou i koho kiʻekiʻe no nā kaona a me nā ʻoihana kūkulu e kālele ana i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana wai ʻino hoʻomau a lōʻihi. Hoʻoikaika ka ʻenehana wiliwili kū hoʻokahi i ka ikaika o nā paipu, e ʻae ana iā lākou e kū i ka pala a me ka abrasion i ka wā lōʻihi, he mea nui ia no ka mālama ʻana i kahi kaiapuni kūlanakauhale olakino.

I ko mākou hoʻomau ʻana i ka hana hou a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kā mākou mau kaʻina hana, ke hoʻomau nei mākou i ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka paipu kila wili paʻa e like me kahi hopena hilinaʻi no ke kahua ʻōnaehana wai hoʻokahe. ʻO kā mākou kūpaʻa i ka maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana ʻaʻole wale kā mākou huahana e hoʻokō akā ʻoi aku ma mua o nā kūlana o ka ʻoihana, e hoʻolilo iā mākou i hoa hilinaʻi i ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana wai hoʻokahe koʻikoʻi.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia

Q1: He aha ka paipu kila wili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia?

Hana ʻia ka paipu kila i hoʻopili ʻia me ka wiliwili ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻāpana kila, e hāʻawi ana iā ia i kahi ʻano ikaika a paʻa. ʻAʻole wale kēia ʻano hana e hoʻonui i ka ikaika o ka paipu, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hana ʻia i nā anawaena nui aʻe, e kūpono ai no nā ʻano hana like ʻole me nā ʻōnaehana ʻauwai.

Q2: No ke aha e koho ai i nā paipu kila wiliwili no nā ʻōnaehana wai?

ʻO ke kumu nui no ke koho ʻana i nā paipu kila wiliwili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā ʻōnaehana wai ʻino, ʻo ia ko lākou kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i kēia mau paipu ke kū i nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe a pale aku i ka palaho, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i kahi ola lawelawe lōʻihi ʻoiai ma nā wahi ʻino. ʻO ko lākou ʻano ikaika ke kumu o ka ʻōnaehana halihali wai ʻino a me ka wai ʻino.

Q3: Ma hea i hana ʻia ai kēia mau paipu?

Aia ma Cangzhou, Hebei Province, ua alakaʻi kā mākou hui i ka hana ʻana i nā paipu kila wiliwili mai ka makahiki 1993. Me kahi ʻāpana o 350,000 mika kuea, ka huina waiwai o RMB 680 miliona a me 680 mau limahana akamai, ua kūpaʻa kā mākou hui i ka hana ʻana i nā paipu kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokō ana i nā kūlana ʻoihana.